“家有千口，主事一人”“国不可一日无君，家不可一日无主”这些脍炙人口的名言警句，无时不在提醒创业者们，企业需要确立核心大股东。

"A family has a thousand people, and one person is in charge." "A country cannot be without a ruler for a day, and a family cannot be without a master for a day." These famous sayings and admonitions constantly remind entrepreneurs that companies need to establish core major shareholders.

对于这个问题，我打算以这两个字为开始：忠与患。一个“中”加一个“心”组成忠心耿耿的忠，两个“中”加一个“心”是祸患无穷的患。试想一下，家庭中如果夫妻二人以一人为主心骨，彼此相互谦让，家庭美满。如果两个人各自把自己作为主心骨，设立两个中心，那就会发生矛盾，生活也会跟着乱套。

For this question, I plan to start with these two words: loyalty and suffering. The combination of one "center" and one "heart" forms a loyal and steadfast loyalty, and the combination of two "centers" and one "heart" is an endless calamity. Imagine in a family, if a couple is primarily composed of one person and mutually humble, the family will be happy. If two people each regard themselves as the backbone and set up two centers, conflicts will arise and life will become chaotic.

我们接触过的企业创始人之间的纠纷，多因股权分配比例不当引起。这些纠纷中的创始人股权比例分配大多为两个人各50%；三个人各33.3%，或者30%∶30%∶40%；四个人各 25%；五个人各20%。企业股权比例的完全平均分配，看似公平，实则极不合理。

The disputes between founders of companies we have encountered are often caused by improper equity distribution ratios. The founder's equity distribution in these disputes is mostly 50% each for two individuals; Three people each 33.3%, or 30%: 30%: 40%; 25% each for four people; Five people each with 20%. The complete and even distribution of equity ratios in enterprises may seem fair, but in reality, it is extremely unreasonable.

在企业中，员工因能力不同，工资待遇必然不同。而在合伙过程中，每个人成长速度不一样，对企业的贡献度也不一样，如果大家分的钱一样，则会出现创业合伙人刚开始个个热情高涨，干着干着，能力强的人就不愿意卖力干了，结果就会应了那句俗语：一个和尚有水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。每个合伙人都认为自己出了大的力，获得的却不是多的，就会感觉自己是受害者，便纷纷撂挑子不干，或消极怠工，终结果只能是企业成了大的受害者。

In enterprises, employees have different salaries and benefits due to their different abilities. In the process of partnership, everyone grows at a different pace and contributes differently to the enterprise. If everyone shares the same amount of money, there will be entrepreneurial partners who are initially enthusiastic and working hard, but those with strong abilities are unwilling to work hard. As a result, the saying goes: one monk has water to eat, two monks carry water to eat, and three monks have no water to eat. Each partner believes that they have put in a lot of effort but have not gained much, and they will feel like victims, so they will give up or slack off, ultimately resulting in the company becoming a big victim.

我们在实务中，一般建议创业企业必须要设立核心大股东。如马云之于阿里，任正非之于华为。核心大股东对企业拥有绝对的控制权和话语权，赚钱时可以分到多的钱，赔钱时相应的也应该赔得多，这样才能够充分调动核心大股东的积极性，带领企业在正确的道路上持续稳定的发展。我们的经验是：创业核心大股东的股权比例要1＞2+3，即大股东所占的股权比例大于另外两个股东之和，这是理想的股权分配状态。如果有4个合伙人，就按1＞2+3+4来分配股权，以此类推。

In practice, it is generally recommended that startups must establish core major shareholders. Like Jack Ma to Alibaba and Ren Zhengfei to Huawei. The core major shareholders have absolute control and discourse power over the enterprise. When making money, they can receive more money, and when losing money, they should also pay more accordingly. This can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the core major shareholders and lead the enterprise to continue stable development on the right path. Our experience is that the equity ratio of core shareholders in entrepreneurship should be 1>2+3, meaning that the equity ratio of major shareholders is greater than the sum of the other two shareholders. This is an ideal equity distribution state. If there are four partners, the equity will be distributed according to 1>2+3+4, and so on.

企业有了核心大股东，才能掌好企业的舵，并在市场的汪洋大海中一路前行。

Only with a core major shareholder can a company take control of the helm and move forward in the vast ocean of the market.