对创业者而言，股权代表着梦想和分享。对员工而言，股权代表着打拼与希望。对投资人而言，股权代表着信任与回报。对公司而言，股权背后链接着公司的资源配置、利益分配与公司治理，也代表着共创共担共享的创业文化。下面山东股权设计人员就来讲讲股权设计三大核心问题吧。

For entrepreneurs, equity represents dreams and sharing. For employees, equity represents struggle and hope. For investors, equity represents trust and return. For companies, equity is linked to the company's resource allocation, benefit distribution and corporate governance, and also represents the entrepreneurial culture of co creation and sharing. Next, Shandong equity designers will talk about the three core issues of equity design.

一、控制权问题：决策机制

1、 Control power: decision-making mechanism

其实，公司的控制权主要通过决策体现，而公司的决策常常通过两个层面完成，一个是股东会层面，另一个是董事会层面。

In fact, the control right of the company is mainly reflected through decision-making, and the decision-making of the company is often completed through two levels, one is the shareholders' meeting level, and the other is the board of directors level.

1.股东会层面

1. Shareholders' meeting

掌控企业控制权的佳方法就是把握企业的控股权，因为公司重大的事项通常是由股东会决定的，如公司章程修改、董事任命、公司分立合并或清算等。所以，谁能掌握控股权，基本上就能影响股东会的决策，进而控制公司。

The best way to control an enterprise is to hold the controlling right of the enterprise, because major matters of the company are usually decided by the shareholders' meeting, such as the amendment of the articles of association, the appointment of directors, the division, merger or liquidation of the company, etc. Therefore, who can control the stock rights can basically affect the decisions of the shareholders' meeting and control the company.

2.董事会层面

2. Board level

在董事会层面，决策权是由人数多少决定的。在董事会的董事席位越多，话语权就越重。所以，直接控制董事会的方式，就是取得委任董事的权利。

At the board level, decision-making power is determined by the number of people. The more seats on the board of directors, the more important the right to speak. Therefore, the way to directly control the board of directors is to obtain the right to appoint directors.

二、价值问题：股权价值认定

2、 Value problem: determination of equity value

股权价值所体现的是企业对股东的价值，每家上市公司股份都存在一个明确的市场价格，企业对外发行的股份数×每股的市价=股权价值，这也就是我们常说的“市值”。

The equity value reflects the value of the enterprise to shareholders. There is a clear market price for the shares of each listed company, and the number of shares issued by the enterprise × The market price of each share=the value of equity, which is often referred to as "market value".

股权价值的认定不仅关系股东利益，而且还影响会计信息的相关性。通过不同方法计量的股权价值，必然会导致不同的结果。所以，依据资产价值属性选择适当的方法计量股权价值尤为关键。一般来说，常用的股权价值评估方法包括收益现值法、成本法和市价法。

The recognition of equity value is not only related to the interests of shareholders, but also affects the relevance of accounting information. The equity value measured by different methods will inevitably lead to different results. Therefore, it is particularly critical to select an appropriate method to measure the equity value according to the asset value attribute. Generally speaking, common equity valuation methods include income present value method, cost method and market price method.

三、股权结构问题：交易方股权结构底线及期望

3、 Equity structure: the bottom line and expectation of the trading party's equity structure

股权架构是公司管理的基础，不同的股权结构对应着不同的企业管理模式。在企业融资过程中，股权结构设计的合理性会直接决定融资的成败，而其中就涉及与对手博弈的问题。创业者需要从交易方股权底线及期望出发，考虑股权架构发生变动的可能性，对于股权退出机制更要进行预期管理，避免股权架构变动给公司带来动荡。

The ownership structure is the basis of company management, and different ownership structures correspond to different enterprise management models. In the process of enterprise financing, the rationality of equity structure design will directly determine the success or failure of financing, which involves the problem of game with competitors. Entrepreneurs need to consider the possibility of changes in the equity structure from the bottom line and expectations of the trading party's equity. They should also carry out anticipatory management on the equity exit mechanism to avoid turbulence caused by changes in the equity structure.

股权设计三大核心问题就如同上述所讲解了，您对此有什么想咨询的或者有问题要解答，都可以来我们网站http://www.guquanzhanlue.com进行了解！

The three core issues of equity design are explained as above. If you have any questions to ask or answer, you can come to our website http://www.guquanzhanlue.com Get to know!